CRO's Begin to Establish

Charles River Labs, 1968, Charles Rivers becomes public.

Kendle, founded in 1981.

PAREXEL, founded in 1982.

PharmaNet, founded in 1983

PPD, founded in 1985

ICON, founded 1990 in Dublin, Ireland

Covance, founded in 1997

Omnicare CRO Services, founded in 2000